Caterpillar (USA) produces the CAT C7 ACERT industrial engine, which is 6-cylinder, in-line, 4-stroke, direct injection, turbocharged with a charge air cooling system, an electronic control unit (ADEMTM A4), a HEUI fuel system, high-efficiency oil filters, a lighter cylinder block design, and split connecting rods.
Caterpillar C7 engine power: 225–300 horsepower at 1800–2200 rpm crankshaft rotation. The engine uses Advanced Combustion Emissions Reduction Technology (ACERT) to meet Tier 3 (US EPA) and Stage IIIA (European Union requirements) emission standards. It addresses four methods for lowering exhaust gas toxicity, including:
- fuel system;
- fuel combustion process;
- clean air intake system;
- implementation of an electronic control and management system.
Specifications
| Number of cylinders | 6 | |||
| Configuration | inline | |||
| Cylinder bore, mm | 110 | |||
| Piston stroke, mm | 127 | |||
| Displacement, cc | 7,2 | |||
| Compression Ratio | 16.2:1 | |||
| Engine operating mode* | B | C | C | D |
| Power output, kW (hp) | 168 (225) | 187 (255) | 205 (280) | 224 (300) |
| Crankshaft speed, rpm | 1800-2200 | 1800-2200 | 1800-2200 | 2100-2200 |
| Specific fuel consumption, g/(kW*h) at 1800 rpm at 100% power |
223 | 222 | 218 | — |
| Fuel pump | low pressure | |||
| Fuel filters — fine cleaning |
top quality, 2 microns | |||
| Turbine | Turbocharging with air-to-air cooling system | |||
| Cooling system | Thermostats and housing, vertical outlet | |||
| Water pump | centrifugal water pump, water pump inlet | |||
| Oil system volume, liters | 28 | |||
| Dimensions, mm (LxWxH) | 1035,6х758,2х1032,1 | |||
| Weight, kg | 588 (dry weight) | |||
IND-A mode (continuous operation) is the engine’s mode of continuous operation under extreme circumstances, in which it runs at its maximum power and speed for 100% of the working time without interruption or intermittent load reduction.
IND-B mode is an engine operation mode where the power and/or rotation speed periodically drop below the maximum value (the amount of time spent operating at full load does not exceed 80% of the total operating time).
The engine runs in IND mode C (intermittent mode), which is characterized by a periodic increase in power and/or speed to maximum values (the amount of time spent operating at full load does not exceed 50% of the total operating time).
IND-D mode is an engine operation mode that permits periodic power increases to the maximum value (the amount of time spent operating at full load does not surpass 10% of the total operating time).
When starting or in the event of an unexpected overload, IND-E mode requires the maximum power for a brief period of time. For emergency operations (run time at full load does not exceed 5% of the total run time) where the standard power level is insufficient.
High torque ratings across a broad speed range are provided by Caterpillar® automotive engines, enabling the use of transmissions with fewer gears. Even with this engine capacity, the gearbox for heavy-duty or specialty vehicles must be chosen to offer the best balance between starting, accelerating, and maximum speed.
Choose axle and tire specifications that satisfy the requirement of 2000 min-1 at 97 km/h in order to maximize vehicle performance and fuel consumption. 105 km/h is the suggested maximum operating speed. For an average operating speed of 89 km/h, a minimum engine speed of 1800 min-1 is advised. The engine speed should be 2200 min-1 at an operating speed of 60 km/h if the gross vehicle weight is more than 22 t.
10% for intracity vehicles, 14% for intercity transportation, 20% for off-road vehicles, and 25% for off-road vehicles are the starting minimum values of the overcome rise. It is advised to overcome 1.8% (minimum 1.5%) lift in top gear at a speed that yields maximum torque. 1.0% grade is perfect when cruising at top speed.